Ivyo umwobo w’ubudandaji ukora mu gusukura amazi si ikintu umuntu avuga ko ari ikintu co kwamamaza. Ni umugwi w'imibare ishobora gupimwa:umurongo w'umutego, ubunini bw'amazi, amanota ya MaP, n'ibimenyetso vy'icemezo. Abarongozi b’ibikorwa n’abatanga amazi badashobora gusoma iyo mibare ine baheza bagashika ku buryo bubiri buzimvye cane bwo kunanirwa mu bibanza vy’ubudandaji - ugufunga kw’ibihe bidahera bituma umuntu ahamagarwa no gusanasana buri musi, n’ugukoresha amazi bituma amafaranga y’amazi agenda araduga mu myaka cumi.
Iki kiganiro kirasigura umubare wose mu majambo asanzwe ya B2B n’aho igisabwa cose gikoreshwa. Icemezo ca Amerika y’Uburaruko ntikigenzura isoko ryose, kandi umutego w’iminota 51 si itegeko ry’ingero z’isi yose.
1. Ivyo "Ibikorwa vy'Ugusukura" Bipima Mu Vy'ukuri
Ivyo gusukura ni ubushobozi bw’ico gikoresho bwo gukura imyanda mu gitereko gushika ku murongo w’amazi mu buryo bwizigirwa, ku rugero rw’amazi rushobora gutegekanirwa, ataco ruvuza canke ngo runanirwe mu buryo bw’ubuhinga. Amashirahamwe y’abaguzi akwiye gusoma urupapuro rwerekeye ubwogero bw’ubudandaji nk’ukoimibare ine, atari nk'ibimenyetso:
| Numero | Ivyo Ikubwira | Aho Biva . | Ikigereranyo c'ubudandaji |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uburebure bw'umutego | Uguhangana n'ibintu munsi y'ikoreshwa ry'isi nyayo- | Ingero z'umubiri ku nzira y'umutego | Irengeye canke ingana na 51mm (2") yuzuye ibara, aho bishoboka |
| Igitigiri c'amazi | Igiciro c'amazi ku gukoresha, uko vyubahirizwa | Ivyemezo vy'ugusukura -igerageza ry'imikorere | 3L igabanutse / 6L yuzuye kabiri (4.5L mwayeni) |
| Amanota ya MaP | Ubushobozi bwo gukura imyanda | Laboratwari y'umuhari wa gatatu- | 500g+ itegeko; 800–1000g ku bibanza vy'abantu benshi |
| Ibimenyetso vy'icemezo | Ugushika ku isoko ry'aho umuntu aja mu buryo butegekanijwe n'amategeko | ASME / CSA / inzego z'urutonde rwa cUPC | Gushiraho bihuye n'isoko ry'aho uja |
Ivyo biharuro bine birakorana. Umutego mutoyi ufise umubare munini w'amazi ushobora guca mu kigeragezo ca MaP kandi ugaca ufunga mu bikorwa, kubera ko imyanda y'isi nyayo-irimwo ibintu ibinyamakuru vya MaP bitagereranya. Umutego wagutse ufise uruzitiro rugoyagoya usiga imyanda ipfutse ku ruhande. Ibikorwa vy'ugusukura ni uguhuza imibare ine - nta n'imwe.
2. Umutego: Itegeko rya 51mm - n'aho rikoreshwa
Ivyo Umutego ukora
Umutego ni inzira y’imbere iri hagati y’aho igikombe gisohokera n’aho amazi asohokera. Mu nkono y’amazi - umubumbe uhambaye muri Amerika y’Uburaruko no muri Aziya nyinshi - amazi y’amazi yuzuza iyo nzira igoramye, igatuma haba sifoni, maze igakura iyo nkono. Igishushanyo c’umutego kigena ubushobozi bw’amazi n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’amazi. Umutego w’agahomerabunwa kandi udafise ibara ry’agahama ufata impapuro n’ibisigazwa; ni co gituma nyene ivyerekeye ubudandaji bisabaUmurongo wuzuye ibirahurikuva ku rim gushika ku nzira.
Ikigereranyo ca 51mm
Igitigiri c'ubudandaji kivugwa cane ni ikintu gitoyi cane .51mm (2-inch) umutego w'uburebure bwagumye mu nzira yose. Amabakure yo mu nzu akenshi apima 44mm ku nzira y’uburenganzira. Mu cumba co kwiyuhagiramwo c’ubudandaji, itandukaniro hagati ya 44mm na 51mm ni itandukaniro hagati y’uguhamagara-ku musi ku musi kubera ibizibira n’igikoresho gishobora kurokoka imyaka cumi y’ugusukura ibintu vy’amahanga-. Ivyerekeye ibikorwa n'ibipimo vya MaP vyose bifata 51mm nk'igorofa ry'uburinzi bw'ibikorwa vy'imiduga myinshi.
Aho Itegeko rya 51mm RITAKORA
Igitigiri ca 51mm si itegeko ry’ingero ry’isi yose. Birebaamabakure y'uburemere bw'isifoni afise umutego- "aho bishoboka" bisigura ivyo nyene. Ibintu bitatu bisanzwe bigwa hanze yavyo:
- Amabakure yo gukaraba(bisanzwe mu Buraya): nta mutego wo mu mutima; umurongo ni mugufi kandi urateye igomwe, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’amazi buracungirwa biciye mu guhingura ibintu bimeze nk’amazi aho gukoresha ubuhinga bwo gupima umutego.
- Uruhome-amabakure yamanitswe: zisuka mu gitereko c’ibikoresho vy’imyanda n’ivy’ugushiramwo imyanda vyihishijwe; umutego ni uw’urutonde rw’abatwara, si uw’igikombe.
- Amakarabo n'imigende y'amazi yo hasi: iyoborwa n’amategeko atandukanye rwose y’ingero.
Ku masahani aho iryo tegeko rikoreshwa, rigenzure ku mubiri: ingero y'igipimo ku nzira y'umutego, ikorwa hakurikijwe ingingo ngenderwako zo kwihanganira ingero z'ibikoresho vy'isuku vy'ivyuma, ifata ibikoresho "bisa neza" ariko bitajanye n'ivyo bitegekanijwe. Ubwiza bw’umutego bufatwa ingingo ku ntambwe zo gutera no gutera ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama - nta ntambwe ya nyuma-yo gukoranya ishobora gukosora inzira y’agahomerabunwa.
3. Igitigiri c'amazi: 3L/6L Dual-Imiterere y'amazi n'imipaka y'akarere
Igikoresho gisanzwe gikoreshwa mu gusukura kabiri -ku bwiherero bukoreshwa n'uburemere bw'isi bugurishwa hanze ni3L yagabanutse / 6L yuzuye: Litiro 3 ku myanda y’amazi, litiro 6 ku myanda ikomeye. Ugereranije n'ivyo gukoresha 50/50, igikoresho co gukoresha 3/6L kirarya4.5 litiro ku gusukura - hafi 1.19 galoni. Uwo mubare umwe ni wo watumye 3/6L dual flush iba uburyo bwo gusohora ibintu hanze: ikuraho imyanda ikomeye mu buryo bwizewe kandi iguma iri munsi y’ibipimo vyinshi vy’ubushobozi.
Ariko 3/6L ni imiterere y'ibikoresho,si umupaka w'isi yose. Amasoko atandukanye afunga umubare w’amazi mu buryo butandukanye, kandi igikoresho gitegerezwa gutunganirizwa, kugeragezwa, no kwemezwa hakurikijwe imipaka y’isoko ry’aho kija:
| Isoko | Ibisabwa vyo gutwara | Ijwi ryinshi ryiza | Ivyiyumviro |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (ntara) | Itegeko 1992 | 6.0L (1.6 gpf) | Bikoreshwa ku bwiherero bwose bugurishwa muri Amerika |
| Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (Ivy'amazi) | Ivyerekeye amazi vya EPA | 4.8L (1.28 gpf) hagati | Ivy'ubushake ariko hafi-ivy'ingenzi ku migambi y'ubudandaji; kabiri -umuvuduko w'amazi ugereranijwe na 50/50 |
| Kanada | CSA B45.1 n'amategeko y'intara y'amazi | 6.0L (1.6 gpf) | Kwemeza ko intara yemeza |
| Ubumwe bw'Uburayi | RU 997 | 6.0L yuzuye (Ikigo ca mbere) | Igikombe co gukaraba gisanzwe |
Igikoresho co gushiramwo 3/6L (4.5L mwayeni ≈ 1.19 gpf) gihaza urugero rwa WaterSense ya Amerika 1.28 gpf, urugero rwo hejuru rwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika 1.6 gpf, n’urugero rwa 6.0L rwo hejuru muri Canada no mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi -ariko iyo gusa igikoresho gishizwe kuri ivyo bipimo ku ruganda kandi kigasuzumwa mu kigeragezo co kwemeza .. Igiharuro ca "3/6L" ku gikoresho gifise amazi yuzuye asohora 6.5L ni ukudakurikiza amategeko kurindiriye igenzura ry'ubuhinga. Saba raporo y'igerageza ry'imikorere ya flush-yemejwe, atari sticker.
4. Igerageza rya MaP: Uko ugukuraho imyanda bipimwa
MaP - Ibikorwa vyinshi- ni igipimo gikoreshwa cane muri Amerika y'Uburaruko. MaP yateguwe n’ishirahamwe Veritec Consulting ifatanije n’ishirahamwe ry’amazi n’amazi mabi ryo muri Kanada, ipima ingene imyanda y’ubuhinga bwa none umwobo ushobora gukuraho burundu. Niigikoresho co gupima umugwi wa gatatu-, si kode isabwa kandi si icemezo.
Itangazamakuru n'amasezerano
- Itangazamakuru ry'ikigeragezo:amaboko apfutse yuzuye umunyu w’isoya - imyanda y’ubuhinga busanzwe ifise uburemere n’inyifato y’ugukemurwa idahinduka, igereranijwe mu bice 250g.
- Amasezerano:media yongerwa mu 250g z’inyongera. Ku rugero rw'imiti yose igikoresho kigomba gusohoka100% vy'umuzigo ku kigeragezo cose co gusukuraimbere y’uko utera intambwe uja ku yindi nkuru ikurikira.
- Amanota:igiharuro ca MaP ni co gipimo kinini kuruta ibindi vyose, mu bipimo, aho igikoresho gishika ku gukuraho - 350g, 500g, 800g, 1000g n’ibindi.
- Ivya Lab:igikoresho gishirwaho neza na neza nk’uko amabwirizwa y’umuhinguzi abivuga ku gikoresho co kugerageza gifise urugero rw’ugutemba kw’amazi; ivyimburwa vyose birakorakoranywa bigapimwa.
Ibisobanuro vy'ibibanza vy'ubudandaji akenshi bisabaIkarata 500g canke irenga; ibibanza vy’imiduga myinshi-ibibuga vy’indege, ibibuga vy’imikino, ibibanza vy’imiduga - bigenda bisaba 800–1000g. Igitigiri ca MaP ntikivuga imbere y’igihe ko ibintu bitari -vy’agaciro nk’ibitambaro vy’impapuro canke ibipapuro; uwo ni wo murimo w’umutego. Fata MaP nk’ikigereranyo co guhunga n’umutego wa 51mm nk’ikigereranyo co gukingira clog-- birahuza, ntibihindurana.
| Amanota ya MaP | Ikoreshwa risanzwe | Ico Bisobanura mu Gikorwa . |
|---|---|---|
| 350g | Injira-urwego rw'uburaro | Ikuraho imizigo isanzwe; ku ruhande mu gukoreshwa cane |
| 500g | Ubucuruzi buto | Ubucuruzi busanzwe bukeyi mu bisobanuro vyinshi |
| 800g | Ubucuruzi / inzego | Ukwizigira mu gihe c'imiduga myinshi |
| 1000g+ | -ibibanza vy'imiduga myinshi | Igitigiri c'ubushobozi bwo guhunga burengeye ubundi |
Genzura ko raporo iva mu laboratwari yemewe y’igerageza rya MaP kandi ikandika ivyerekanwa nyavyo, umubare w’amazi, n’umugwi w’ibinyamakuru. Ikirego ca MaP ata raporo ni ijambo ry’ubudandaji.
5. Ivyerekeye Icemezo: ASME A112.19.2, CSA B45.1, na cUPC
Icemezo niho amakosa y’uburebure azimvye. Ivyo bimenyetso bitatu bisabwa cane ku bibazo vy'ubudandaji vy'ubwiherero -ASME A112.19.2, CSA B45.1, na CUPC- zifitaniye isano ariko ntizishobora guhindurwa, kandi nta n'imwe muri zo ari pasiporo y'isi yose.
Itegeko ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu Bihuye
ASME A112.19.2 na CSA B45.1 zitunganijwe hamwe nk’bihuye bi-ingingo ngenderwako y'igihugu ku bikoresho vy'amazi vy'ivyuma, rikaba rikoreshwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no muri Kanada. Ishinga umurongo w’ishimikiro ushobora gukurikizwa: imipaka y’amazi akoreshwa, ubushobozi bwo gusukura-hakoreshejwe ubuhinga bwo kugerageza busanzwe, ubutungane bw’imiterere (harimwo n’ibipimo vy’umuzigo ku gitereko n’itangi), n’imiterere y’ibikoresho. Ku bijanye n’ubushinwa bw’ibirahuri, ibipfukisho bimenyereweamazi anywa ku 0.5% iyo ageragejwe ku ASTM C373- umutungo utuma igikoresho c'ubudandaji kidashobora gufata ubukonje, umunuko, n'amabara mu myaka mirongo y'igikorwa. Ivyinshi mu bigo vy’ubudandaji vy’agaciro k’ivyoherezwa hanze-bishobora gutsinda neza 0,5%; ikibazo co kwemeza ni co kivyemeza.
cUPC vs UPC: Ibimenyetso bibiri, amasoko abiri
cUPCni ikimenyetso c'icemezo c'Isoko rya Canada, irongowe na IAPMO R&T irwanya Itegeko ry’Ivy’Amazi ry’Igihugu ca Kanada be n’ingingo ngenderwako za CSA/ASME zikoreshwa.UPCni umugenzi wayo wo muri Amerika, ku bihugu vyo muri Amerika vyemeza Itegeko ry’Ivy’Amazi Rimwe. Nta kimenyetso na kimwe muri ivyo bimenyetso gisubirira ikindi:
| Ikimenyetso / Ikigereranyo | Ingingo | Ivyo Ripfuka | Ivyo ITAVUKIRA . |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASME A112.19.2 / CSA B45.1 | Amerika + Kanada | Igishushanyo c'ibikoresho vy'ivyuma ubwavyo: amazi akoreshwa, igikorwa co gusukura, ubutungane bw'imiterere, Amazi anywa munsi canke angana na 0,5% | Ubwavyo, nta kimenyetso c'icemezo canke urutonde rw'isoko |
| cUPC (Ubushakashatsi n'ubuhinga bwa IAPMO) | Kanada | Urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa vy'isoko ryo muri Canada hakurikijwe itegeko ry'amazi ryo muri Canada | Intara za Amerika (bisaba urutonde rwa Amerika nka UPC) |
| UPC (IAPMO ubushakashatsi n'ubuhinga) | Intara za Amerika zemeje itegeko rimwe ry'amazi | Urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa vy'izo ntara | Canada, na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zemeje Itegeko Mpuzamakungu ryerekeye Ivy’Amazi (IPC) |
Ku bihugu vyemeza .Itegeko mpuzamakungu ry'amazi- uwundi mugwi munini w'amakode ya Amerika - ivyangombwa vy'ukwemera biratandukanye kandi. Ni co gituma nyene ikibazo ca mbere ku muntu wese agurisha ibintu gikwiye kuba iki:isoko irihe, kandi iryo soko ryemera kode irihe?
📌 Itegeko ry'amasoko:guhuza icemezo cashizweho n'isoko ry'aho uja. Igikoresho ca cUPC-gusa ntaco gihagaze mu mugambi wa Amerika; igikoresho gihuye n'amategeko ya ASME-kitagira urutonde kidashobora gusuzumwa n'abanyakanada. Saba ivyemezo vy’icemezo ku isoko, kandi usuzume inomero y’ikimenyetso yose iri ku gitabu ca bose c’ishirahamwe ryemeza.
Ugufata amazi bike canke bingana na 0,5% mu ruhererekane rwa QC
Igitigiri c’amazi ashobora gufata 0,5% gihuza icemezo co gusubira ku ruganda. Ugufata bipimwa ku bipimo vy’umubiri vy’umuriro hakurikijwe ASTM C373 (uburyo bw’amazi atetse-), kandi uruganda rwubahiriza amategeko rurabigerageza mu bihe vyategekanijwe - atari rimwe ku gutangura kw’igicuruzwa. Itegeko ryose ry’igerageza rya QC ry’ibikoresho vy’isuku ry’ivyuma rivuga aho amazi anywa, avuza, n’ugusukura-ibikorwa vy’igenzura bica mu rutonde rw’isuzuma, kandi uburongozi bwo kwihanganira ingero buvuga ingene ingero z’umutego n’iz’ububabare-zigenzurwa zishingiye ku gishushanyo cemejwe.
6. Amarembo ya QC y'uruganda: Igerageza ry'Ibimenyeshamakuru, Ivuza, Iseseka, n'Igikoresho co Gusukura
Icemezo kigaragaza ivyerekanwa vy’uguhingura. Uruganda QC rwemeza ko ivyoherejwe. Amarembo ane arahambaye cane ku bijanye n’ugukora neza:
- Ibimenyeshamakuru vy'ikigeragezo co gusukura:igerageza ry’ibikorwa ry’uguhingura-umurongo wo gusukura-rikoresha umuryango w’ivy’ubuhinga - nk’igerageza ry’ivyemezo - soya{4}}ivy’ugusukura bikoreshwa ku rugero rwo gusukura, hamwe n’ivy’inyongera vy’imitsi n’ivy’ugusukura vy’ibinyabuzima vyo gutwara n’ugukuraho umupira-ibiranga. Uruganda rusimbuka igerageza rishingiye ku bimenyeshamakuru-rugakoresha gusa "amazi-gusa" ntirigerageza ubushobozi bwo gusukura na gato.
- Igerageza ry'ukuvuza:igikombe n’itangi vyakoranijwe biraheza bikazuzwa kandi bikaguma bifise umuvuduko w’amazi; ivyuka vyose bica mu mubiri, imyobo y'ibara ry'agahama, canke ikibanza c'itangi-ku -igikombe birananirwa igikoresho. Ikidodo c'umutego kiragenzurwa nibura50mm- munsi y'aho, gazi y'imyanda yinjira mu cumba maze igikoresho kikananirwa gusuzumwa.
- Igerageza ry'ugusesa:iyo itangi ryuzuye kandi umupfunda wo gusukura amazi uzibiye, umuyoboro w'amazi aseseka utegerezwa gutwara amazi mu gitereko utavuye ku gipfukisho c'itangi canke ku ntebe y'itangi - uburyo bwo kunanirwa buri inyuma y'ibirego vy'uko "itangi ryanje riseseka hasi".
- Ukwihangana kw'umuvuduko wo gusukura:ikoraniro ry’ivyuma vy’ukuzuza/gusukura rigenda rizunguruka ubudasiba; ubucuruzi-uburyo bwo gutanga amanota buragenzurwa ku250, 000+ inzinguzingumu bihe vy’amasegonda nka 60-, n’umubare w’amazi uguma hagati ya ±10% y’agaciro kagereranywa inyuma y’ikigeragezo. Gusenyuka kw’imipfunda ni umubare-impamvu imwe yo gusubirira ubwogero bw’ubudandaji mbere y’igihe - raporo y’ingendo ni umuti.
- Ugufata amazi:fired-body samples zivuye mu batch imwe zigeragezwa ku ASTM C373 ku rugero ruri munsi canke rungana na 0.5%, kandi ibisubizo vyandikwa ku muzigo w'ifuru, atari ku rutonde.
Nta n’imwe muri izo marembo ishobora gusanasana umutego wari warakozwe nabi igihe bariko baratera canke ibara ry’agahama ryari ryarateye nabi. Ni co gituma ubushobozi bwo gusukura butangura hejuru mu nzira yo gukora ubwogero bw’ibirahuri - gutera, gutera ibirahuri, no gutera bigena uburyo bwo ku ruhande rw’umutego n’uburemere bw’umubiri QC aca igenzura.
Urutonde rw'amasoko
Imbere y’uko uwugura atanga itegeko ryo kugura ubwogero bw’ubudandaji, akwiye kuba ashoboye gushiramwo akamenyetso mu masandugu atanu:
- Umutego Munini canke ungana na 51mmbigenzuwe n'ingero y'umubiri - aho umubumbe w'isahani ufise inzira y'umutego.
- Igitigiri c'amaziyatunganijwe kandi yemejwe ku isoko ry'aho ija - 3L/6L gusukura kabiri aho vyemewe, n'ugusukura kwemejwe-raporo y'ibikorwa iri ku ruhande.
- Igitigiri ca MaP ca 500g canke hejurubivuye mu laboratwari yemewe, vyanditswe ku citegererezo.
- Icemezo gihuye n'isoko- ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 yubahiriza hamwe n’urutonde rwiza (cUPC kuri Canada, urutonde rwiza rwa Amerika kuri Amerika), rwagenzuwe ku gitabu c’inzego zitanga icemezo.
- Ugufata amazi Biri munsi canke bingana na 0,5% (ASTM C373)n'amakuru y'urugero rwa batch-, hamwe n'ugusohoka, ugusesa, n'amakuru y'imirongo 250.000 y'imirongo.
Ivyo gusukura ni vyo bigaragara cane mu bwiherero bw’ubudandaji bufise: burageragezwa incuro amajana ku musi, buri musi, n’uwubukoresha wese. Ivyo bikoresho bishobora kurokoka igikorwa c’uruja n’uruza rwinshi-si vyo bifise kopi nziza cane yo kwamamaza - ni ivyo umutego wavyo, umubare w’amazi, amanota ya MaP, n’ivyemezo vyari vyarasobanuwe, bipimwa, kandi bigenzurwa imbere y’uko igikoresho coherezwa.
Ibibazo bikunze kwibazwa
None MaP score ni iyihe kandi umwobo w’ubudandaji ukwiye kuba uwuhe?
MaP (Maximum Performance) ipima ingene imyanda y’ibitoke vya soya-ikoreshwa mu bwiherero ikuramwo burundu, igeragezwa mu 250g n’ikigo ca gatatu cemewe. Ivyerekeye ubudandaji bisaba cane cane amanota ya MaP ya 100.000.500g canke hejuru; ibibanza vy’abantu benshi-nk’ibibuga vy’indege n’ibibuga vy’imikino akenshi bivuga 800–1000g.
Mbega ubwogero bwa 3L/6L bufise amazi abiri-bujanye n’amategeko muri Amerika?
Ego, iyo itunganijwe kandi yemejwe neza. Igikoresho co gusukura amazi 3L/6L kibiri -4.5 litiro ku gukaraba (≈1.19 gpf), munsi y’igipimo c’amazi c’ubutegetsi bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika 1,6 gpf (EPAct 1992) n’igipimo c’amazi c’ubutegetsi bwa EPA WaterSense 1,28 gpf. Kubahiriza bisaba raporo y'igerageza ry'imikorere yemejwe yerekana ibiharuro vy'ukuri.
Ni itandukaniro irihe riri hagati y’icemezo ca UPC n’ica cUPC?
cUPCni icemezo c’igicuruzwa ca IAPMO R&T ku isoko ryo muri Kanada, gishingiye ku Itegeko ry’Ivy’Amazi ry’Igihugu ca Kanada n’ingingo ngenderwako za CSA/ASME zikoreshwa.UPCni umugenzi wa Amerika ku bihugu vyemeza Itegeko ry’Ivy’Amazi Rimwe. Nta kimenyetso na kimwe muri ivyo bimenyetso gipfuka irindi soko, kandi intara za Amerika zemeza Itegeko Mpuzamakungu ry’Ivy’Amazi (IPC) zikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga urutonde.
Mbega ASME A112.19.2 irakoreshwa muri Kanada?
ASME A112.19.2 na CSA B45.1 zigumwa nk’irumwe ruhuye bi-itegeko ry'igihuguku bikoresho vy’amazi vy’ivyuma bipfutse Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Kanada. Kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gushika ku isoko ry’i Kanada, ikintu gikeneye kandiUrutonde rwa cUPC(canke icemezo co muri Kanada kingana n’ico).
Ni ubunini ubuhe bw’umutego ubwogero bw’ubudandaji bukwiye kuba bufise?
Ku bikoresho vy’uburemere bw’isifoni bifise umutego w’inyongera, ivyerekeye ubudandaji bisaba ko haba umutego mutoyi51mm (2-inch) yuzuye ibara ry'umuhanda, ugereranyije n’iminota nka 44 ku masahani menshi yo kubamwo. Itegeko rya 51mm rikoreshwa aho umutego w'igikombe-uhurikiye hamwe uri; amabakure yo gukaraba, ibikoresho vyo gutwara ibintu bimanitswe ku ruhome-, n’ibikoresho vyo gukaraba bikurikiza amategeko atandukanye y’ingero.
Ni igiki gishobora gufata amazi menshi cane ku bijanye n’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama vyemewe?
ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 ipfuka ukunywa amazi ku0.5%ku bijanye n’ubushinwa bw’ibirahuri iyo bugeragejwe hakurikijwe ASTM C373 (uburyo bw’amazi atetse-). Uruganda rwubahiriza amategeko rugerageza ivyerekanwa vy'umubiri vy'umuriro-mu bihe vyategekanijwe kandi rukandika ibisubizo ku muzigo w'ifuru, atari ku rutonde.
🛡️ Uronke inyandiko z'ikibazo c'ubushobozi bwa Flush
Gushaka ubwogero bw’ubudandaji canke ibikoresho vyo mu bwogero? Baza Yingjie Bath kugira ngo ubone raporo z’ikigeragezo ca MaP, ivyemezo vya ASME/CSA/cUPC, n’amakuru y’urugero rwa QC.
👉 Gusaba Raporo z'Ikigeragezo c'Ibikorwa vya Flush n'Ibiciro vy'Ubucuruzi
